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Answers: Traffic light
The traffic light, also certain as traffic signal, stop light, traffic lamp, stop-and-go lights, robot or semaphore, is a signaling device positioned at a road intersection, pedestrian crossing, or other location. Its purpose is to indicate, using a series of colors (Red - Amber - Green) specific movement to drive, ride or wander - - each assigned the right-of-way at a given moment, using a universal color code (and a precise sequence, for those that are color blind).
Introduction
Traffic lights for vehicle or pedestrians normally have two chief lights—a red light that means 'stop' and a green (or sometimes white for pedestrians) restrained that means 'go' (or, more correctly, 'proceed with caution'); the use of these colors are thought to start from nautical right-of-way[citation needed]. Usually, the red light contains some orange contained by its hue, and the green light contains some blue, to provide some support for people next to red-green color blindness. In most countries there is also a yellow (colloquial term) or amber(official term) lighting, which when on by itself and not flashing means stop if able to do so soundly. In some systems, a flashing amber means that a motorist may go ahead beside care if the road is clear, giving way to pedestrians and to other road vehicle that may have priority. A flashing red is treated as a regular stop sign.
There may be additional lights (usually a green arrow or "filter") to authorize turns. In the U.S., a turn permitted by such a wishy-washy is called a protected left or protected right. A vanished turn light preceding the opposing through movement is call a leading left turn because it lead the opposing through green light (likewise, a vanished turn arrow that follows the opposing through movement is known as a filling left turn). In Canada, a turn that is authorized in the past the opposing traffic is called an advanced green and a green arrow at the shutting of the phase is called a delayed green. A leading departed turn, advanced green, lagging left, or delayed green can apply any to only one direction, allowing both turning and through traffic while opposing traffic is stopped, or to both directions, allowing vanished turns from opposing directions while all through traffic is stopped.
Traffic lights for special vehicle (such as buses or trams) may use other systems, such as vertical vs. horizontal bars of white light.
In most countries, the sequence is red (stop), green (go), amber (prepare to stop). In the UK, New Zealand and Canada, amber properly means 'stop' (unless it would cause an chance to do so) but in practice, is treated as 'prepare to stop'. In the UK, Hong Kong, Macau, Pakistan, Germany, Hungary, Czech Republic, Poland, Denmark, Iceland and Israel, among others, the sequence includes red and amber together before green, which help draw attention to the impending change to green, to allow drivers to prepare to move off. (In plentiful of these jurisdictions, such as the UK, it is customary for drivers to select neutral and/or use the handbrake at red lights; the extra phase gives the driver time to select first gear or release the handbrake before the oil lamp turns green). The single flashing amber signal is used in the UK and Australia at Pelican crossings.
History
On 10 December 1868, the first traffic lights were installed outside the British Houses of Parliament surrounded by London, by the railway engineer J. P. Knight. They resembled railway signals of the time, with semaphore arms and red and green gas lamp for night use. The gas lantern was turned beside a lever at its base so that the appropriate light face traffic. Unfortunately, it exploded on 2 January 1869, injuring the policeman who was operating it.
The modern electric traffic light is an American invention. As hasty as 1912 in Salt Lake City, Utah, policeman Lester Wire invented the first red-green electric traffic lights. On 5 August 1914, the American Traffic Signal Company installed a traffic signal system on the corner of 105th Street and Euclid Avenue in Cleveland, Ohio. It have two colors, red and green, and a buzzer, based on the design of James Hoge, to provide a warning for color change. The design by James Hoge (USPTO # 1251666 Sept. 22, 1913) allowed Police and Fire stations to control the signals in case of emergency. The first four-way, three-color traffic desk light was created by police officer William Potts in Detroit surrounded by 1920. In 1923, Garrett Morgan patented a traffic signal device, although it was not a precursor of the modern traffic light.
The first interconnected traffic signal system be installed in Salt Lake City in 1917, beside six connected intersections controlled simultaneously from a manual switch. Automatic control of interconnected traffic lights was introduced March 1922 within Houston, Texas. The first automatic experimental traffic lights in England were deployed surrounded by Wolverhampton in 1927.
Ampelmnnchen pedestrian traffic signals have come to be see as a nostalgic sign for the former German Democratic Republic.
A very impulsive model of the traffic signal is patented in the name of Garrett Morgan (US).
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